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AMANDA NASCIMENTO GASPAR
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Data: Apr 14, 2022
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This research aimed to analyze artisanal fishing through local narratives, for that we chose two guiding questions. The first sought to carry out an epistemological and documentary mapping on the subject of artisanal fishing. The second part focused on describing, through interviews and life trajectories, the course of experiences and narratives built in this place based on orality. Concepts such as territory and ecology were key elements in this process. Traveling through different temporalities showed a path full of transformations and changes in everyday life. Daily life on the island involves understanding the logic of the times of the tides, of the moons as opposed to the new logics of resource use, of the modern tools that occupy everyday life. The relationship between the different landscapes, education through practice, the experience of the calendar through the festivities that approach, but differ from the experience common to all. Rich discoveries in this challenging process that anthropology proposes when turning to everyday themes, and not necessarily to the exotic. Denaturalizing the familiar and seeking to familiarize the strange as a voyage of discovery brought a collection of reflections that are contained throughout this research.
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ANA PAULA SILVA OLIVEIRA
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BETWEEN RITES AND INVASIONS: the struggle of the Tentehar/Guajajara indigenous people for the territory.
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Data: Mar 31, 2022
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This dissertation work is the result of a qualitative research that aims to ethnographically analyze the elements of struggle used by the indigenous people of the Tentehar/Guajajara ethnic group who inhabit the Araribóia Indigenous Land, in the municipality of Amarante - MA, for the maintenance of the territory, as well as to understand the political dimension of the rites of passage, in this case, the ritual of the Girl Young Woman Party, as this ritual is used by the Tentehar/Guajajara as an element of identity self-affirmation and demarcation of their ethnic boundaries. In this work we intend to problematize about the attacks and invasions to which this ethnic group suffers from the State and from the non-indigenous society within its territory already demarcated since the 1990s.
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ARIELE DUCARMO SANTOS BOÁS
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VINHAIS VELHO: identity, history and memory marked by sociocultural impacts resulting from the construction of the Expressway in São Luís - MA
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Data: May 4, 2022
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The present research aims to analyze the way in which the Vinhais Velho Community contemplates the Memorial of the Archaeological Site of Vinhais Velho after the construction of the Expressway in São Luís-MA having been inaugurated in 2014. In this way, the research extends to a bibliographic analysis, however with field data from the author of current moments and those already experienced in other contexts. Therefore, as subjects of this study, I highlight the Social Agents who experienced closely the period in which the mega-enterprise was built, between its conflicts and manifestations. In this way, I intend to explain how the social effects from the construction of a mega-enterprise interfere in the lives of people who already have their most diverse ways of life, between daily life, festivities, cultural and social, as well as environmental, haste. Then, in a synthetic way, speeches of Agents who demonstrate dissatisfaction with having their environments interfered are described, where he greatest influence on the part of the elite class is perceived. Thus, the body of this dissertation unfolds as follows: the introduction points out the paths that led me to the object, as well as to the field, thus, my relationship with it, based on the disorders arising from the Covid-19 Pandemic, as well as as the conversation with the same through bibliographical readings. The chapter that follows explains a little about the history of the Tupinambá Peoples, who have their archaeological artifacts “preserved” in the Memorial. Furthermore, it is a chapter that approaches museological perception through anthropological theories. Finally, the last chapter makes a documentary analysis based on the Environmental impact study-Environmental Impact report, as well as the speeches of Social Agents, opposing what the State exposes as a defender of urban growth. “I conclude” this study with brief final considerations, which demonstrate the effects of the course of this work, based on this field that is constantly under construction.
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DIMITRIA LEÃO DE QUEIROZ
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Una familia kayapó en xingu (y nuestro encuentro)
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Data: Nov 21, 2022
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Este trabajo de disertación busca relatar y analizar los caminos de la familia Tavares Kayapó por las regiones Transamazonica y Xingu, en la búsqueda de su reconocimiento étnico institucional, frente al proceso de expansión del desarrollo depredador en la Amazonía, y la implementación de grandes proyectos industriales, a partir de políticas etnocidas. Reflexionando sobre los conceptos de “mescla”, “pertenencia”, “etnicidad”. Traigo sus hablas en entrevistas, grabación de reuniones y videos, donde cuentan la historia de sus acciones para su reconocimiento, los desplazamientos de su grupo étnico y sus formas de afirmar y ejercer su territorialidad y la legitimidad de su etnicidad, en la convivencia con y en la sociedad civil.
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DYHELLE CHRISTINA CAMPOS MENDES
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ALTERNATIVE CONFLICT SOLUTION MEANS: an analysis of COECV mediation in land conflicts in Maranhão
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Data: Dec 29, 2022
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FELIPE EDUARDO MARTIN NOVOA
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O poder do Estado através da pós-consulta das comunidades Nasa do alto Cuembí: Os atos do Estado na configuração da desapropriação pelo encobrimento desde a guerra como continuidade da colonialidade do poder.
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Data: Nov 4, 2022
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A análise busca abordar a compreensão do Estado a partir da visão das comunidades Nasa do Alto Cuembí, a partir de concepções centrais de seus argumentos nas relações de marginalização, que constituem sua relação com o Estado por meio de agentes privados por ocasião da consulta processo. . No início, a análise se concentrou nas noções gerais de Estado que permitiam a análise das comunidades e abordou a análise acadêmica a partir de conceitos como atos de Estado para nos aproximar, além das experiências particulares de dois colegas de trabalho no processo de consulta, a partir de conceitos como a colonialidade do poder e a ausência do Estado. É necessário explicar conceitos como o Estado Falso e o Estado da Máfia para compreender o planejamento econômico da guerra contemporânea baseado no “Plano Colômbia” como uma estratégia geopolítica que constitui o contexto global de desapropriação e caracteriza as formas contemporâneas de Estado ações que são explícitas de uma forma particular nos atos de Estado. Em um segundo momento, a análise incidirá sobre a visão comunitária das concepções do direito ocidental frente ao seu próprio direito e a análise das relações de subordinação do direito hegemônico, tendendo a questionar dois direitos humanos, em contraste com a vinculação ao direito consulta nos trechos de Socialização de dois impactos e Medidas de Gestão, Acordos e Protocolos, anexos a comentários sobre a situação e posicionamento de dois setores que estão em consulta, isso com o intuito de enfatizar a visão de subalternidade do Estado e sua relação como processo judicial, revelando as acusações de dois agentes do Estado fora do âmbito do processo de consulta. Ao contrário do exposto, a análise do reconhecimento de dois direitos indígenas no contexto latino-americano e a interpretação do território como sujeito de direitos no contexto jurídico colombiano, a jurisprudência internacional e nacional que caracteriza a consulta e a descrição dos a particularidade legal da consulta como As comunidades da Nasa do Alto Cuembí para entender o processo de consulta são retomadas. Por fim, traz uma perspectiva de análise que integra e destaca os aspectos mais importantes da minha opinião, para mostrar como o Estado é pensado na perspectiva da experiência da Nasa, através da experiência com os diversos agentes do Estado, que têm sido buscados por seus perante a vida das comunidades Nasa, constituindo uma complexa construção de agentes que através de seus atos constituem o poder do Estado imposto às comunidades Nasa.
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FRANCISCA GÁRDINA DOS SANTOS LIMA
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THE OITI TREE AND THE BAMBOO CLUBS: incandescent memories of Quilombo de Santarém-MA
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Data: Jul 18, 2022
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The objective of this work is to analyze the conflict faced by the quilombola community- Santarém municipality of São Luís Gonzaga do Maranhão in defense and permanence in their territory. For this research, I conducted interviews with social agents, made observations, visited places that the community considers an important and symbolic landmark for their identity statements, remembering their ancestors as enslaved people. Among these symbolic representations, the community demarcates a temporality from the oiti foot and the bamboo thickets that were planted by their ancestors enslaved in the 19th century, being centenary trees, I took photographs and marked GPS points for the elaboration of maps. The narratives of social agents are instigating to reflect on the antagonistic and conflicting relations between the quilombola community and the so-called farmers, since the relationship with the land has different and opposite meanings for these agents who fight for free territory, to live and reproduce. their ways of life, which directly influences the construction of their ethnic identities. The struggle for land in the quilombo of Santarém is configured around these social relationships, involving kinship relationships, families of workers who declare themselves quilombolas who were welcomed to reside in the community and their antagonists, the farmers, relationships that have caused several conflicts until the current days. During these decades of conflict, social agents say they have lived with processes that violate their existence, since their territorial dynamics are totally ignored. Therefore, the research work is not neutral, since since my first insertions in the community, I have made evident my proximity to its main claims, above all, the fight for the territory. Such a situation only increases the responsibilities with the rigor of the research and this text.
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IGUATEMY DA SILVA CARVALHO
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NARRATIVES AND REFLECIVITIES: EXPERIENCES IN A FIELD OF DISTINCT IDENTIFICATIONS, KNOWLEDGE AND PERFORMANCES.
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Data: Sep 13, 2022
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The present research aims to analyze, in a critical and reflective way, a context of disproportion, suspension of concepts and inversion of values in which the relationship between “man” is found, assuming the condition of a god-self in his agonizing quest to eternalize himself. if faced with infinities with time and space, the "State" being hostage to corrupt groups and corruption and "Culture" taken as an ideology, alienating, dividing and massifying the vast majority of its makers, inserting them in a state of disputes completely disloyal to a sincerity as they are, acting without any social responsibility with what they do. A reality in which the subject of knowledge expresses an entire fragmented, extreme, individualistic, essentialist, utilitarian and instrumentalized context of reading, interpreting and understanding the world, which is the basis on which to build his condition of uncritical and thoughtless sociability on contradictions, contingencies and determinisms in a life always stipulated by others. For this investigation, I take as a cut, my experiences as director of Casa do Maranhão – SECMA, involved with the instigating, reflective and questioning experiences of living museums via the Traditional Knowledge and Ethnography Exhibition of the New Social Cartography and Policies Program of the Amazon, promoting a whole rethinking. of institutional museological practices and countless self-criticisms, quarrels, considerations being the starting point and main basis of this alleged dissertation.
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KELDA SOFIA DA COSTA SANTOS CAIRES ROCHA
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RURAL WORKER, QUILOMBOLA AND THE REPRESENTATION OF LEGAL CATEGORIES: the conflict in Alcântara and the protection of collective rights.
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Data: Feb 3, 2022
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The scope of this dissertation is to analyze the production of documents in the judicial sphere by both state and social agents, examining the legal categories rural worker, quilombola in relation to the representation of legal categories from the conflict in Alcântara and the protection of rights collectives, this raising the discussion of the process of legitimizing the changes of legal categories in face of the demand of the quilombola communities of Alcântara in the face of the state. I focused the analysis on court documents, as will be explained, due to the need to delimit the focus of the study, already realizing the type of practical result that had been obtained throughout the development of the research. Therefore, based on the analysis of the conflict between the quilombola communities of Alcântara and the State, as an emblematic case, I propose to discuss, based on the identified legal experience, the construction of collective law, because despite the constant conflicts inside and outside the courts, this was translated in a new interpretation of the Federal Constitution of 1988, based on expressive legal pluralism and, therefore, it is highlighted that the research seeks to address the relationship between the change of the category "rural worker" linked to the category "squatter", as it appears in the documents produced within the legal proceedings, used to designate those expropriated during the beginning of the implementation of the Alcântara Launch Center (CLA), for the ethnic category "quilombola", from the idea of building the protection of collective rights, with the perception how this change was incorporated in the legal world and in the documents prepared, based on the need to break with the law. state logic that permeates the construction of the standard. The methodology adopted involves the inductive method, based on the use of ethnography of documents, according to an analysis involving public court documents, some of which were easily accessible and others required special authorization to access them.
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WELLINGTON BARBOSA DOS SANTOS
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LA NAVIDAD TAMBIÉN ES DÍA DE TAMBOR: La fiesta de São Benedito y la construcción de la identidad quilombola de la comunidad Bacabal Anajatuba MA.
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Data: Dec 31, 2022
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As a result of a long debate between the university and social movements, a reformulation of the criteria that define a community as quilombola is under way. These criteria are systematized in Decree No. 4887/03 and refers to elements such as the “assumption of black ancestry connected to resistance to the historical oppression, specific territorialities and self-attribution”. Based on these criteria, the present work describes Saint Benedict’s Tambor de Crioula Festival, a festivity that takes place annually on the 24th and 25th of December in the Bacabal community, and is regarded as the main factor of quilombola identity. The festival has an extensive program, which starts in September and ends with the Christmas’ Tambor de Crioula, portraying the agricultural production and the social relations historically experienced in Bacabal. In addition, this festival assembles the Tambor de Crioula movement of the municipality of Anajatuba, as it is among the few to have a fixed date, what allows to scrutinize the plurality and richness of the Tambor de Anajatuba.
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